Scales of Measurement
Type text here. Discuss the implications of “scales of measurement” in quantitative research. Be sure to use a minimum of two citations to support your position(s). Be sure to review the “Scales of Measurement” media from Week 1. This section should be no more than two paragraphs.
Research Question
What are the means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages of the Lesson 21 Exercise File variables?
Presentation of Findings
I analyzed data from Lesson 21 Exercise File [1]. In this section, I present descriptive statistics for the study quantitative and qualitative variables. Appropriate APA tables and figures accompany the analysis[2].
Descriptive Statistics[3]
Descriptive statistics were run for the quantitative and qualitative variables in the Week 1 Assignment data set. Table 1 depicts the means and standard deviations for the quantitative data. Figure 1 depicts a histogram for the GPA variable. Table 2 depicts the frequencies and percentages for the qualitative (categorical) data. Figure 2 depicts a pie chart for the ethnic variable. Appendix 1 depicts the SPSS output.
Table 1[4]
Means (M) and Standard Deviations (SD) for Study
Quantitative Variables (N = 105)
| Variable[5] | M | SD |
| GPA | 2.78 | .76 |
| Final | 61.48 | 7.94 |
| Percent | 80.34 | 12.12 |
Figure 1. Histogram of GPA distribution.
Table 2[6]
Means (M) and Standard Deviations (SD) for Study
Qualitative Variables (N = 105)
| Variable | Frequency | Percent |
| Ethnic | ||
| Native | 5 | 4.8 |
| Asian | 20 | 19.0 |
| Black | 24 | 22.9 |
| White | 45 | 42.9 |
| Hispanic | 11 | 10.4 |
| Total | 105 | 100.0 |
| Section | ||
| 1 | 33 | 31.4 |
| 2 | 39 | 37.2 |
| 3 | 33 | 31.4 |
| Total | 105 | 100.0 |
| Grade | ||
| A | 23 | 21.9 |
| B | 32 | 30.5 |
| C | 35 | 33.3 |
| D | 9 | 8.6 |
| F | 6 | 5.7 |
| Total | 105 | 100.0 |
Figure 2. Pie chart of ethnicity by percentages.[7]
References
Type in references using appropriate APA format. Remember, use a minimum of two references.
[1] Insert the appropriate file name.
[2] The tables and figures from your SPSS output will need to be copied and pasted in the appropriate location.
[3] Detailed information can be found in Lesson 20, “Univariate Descriptive Statistics for Qualitative Variables,” and Lesson 21, “Univariate Descriptive Statistics for Quantitative Variables,” in the Green and Salkind text.
[6] Recall from Lesson 20, “Univariate Descriptive Statistics for Qualitative Variables” (Green & Salkind, 2017), frequencies and percentages are reported for qualitative (nominal) variables. Note: Frequency and percentages are the only columns to be included.
[7] The pie chart is an appropriate graph for nominal (categorical) data.
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