stat 101 lab# 4 by spss programThe data are stored in the files “Lab #4 – Problem 1 data.sav” and “Lab #4 – Problem 2 data.sav”. The data file could be downloaded from “Canvas” and save it on the Desktop. The null hypothesis H0 reflects the “all is same view of the world”. In other words the means of all three conditions are predicted to be equal to one another. The alternative hypothesis H1 reflects the means of all three conditions are predicted to not be equal to one another. Choosing a statistical test Individual observations between the groups are not related. Therefore we can model the data as independent. However because we have to compare three groups as opposed to only two we cannot use the t-test. We have to use the One Factor Between Subjects ANOVA. (One factor – because we have only one independent variable that serves to group the data. Between – because the observations in different groups are independent.). Selecting a significance level (alpha) Usually we select alpha = .05. But we could be more conservative and use alpha = .01. For this lab we are going to use alpha = .05. Formulating the decision rules The decision rule is: We reject H0 if the p-value associated with the observed statistic is less than or equal to alpha. We fail to reject H0 if the p-value associated with the observed statistic is greater than alpha. The rejection of H0 means that on average the groups differ from each other in their dependent variable. But how do they differ? This question is answered by the post hoc test Tukey’s honestly significant difference. The second part involves interpreting the results from the post hoc test.