DB4.1.docx

DB4 Responses

Classmate 1:

Chapter 10 Brief Counseling

List the steps for solution-focused brief counseling.

​Finding a solvable complaint. The first step leads to developing goals and interventions that promote change. People’s problems are considered normal and changeable. Counselors and clients work to find images of the complaint that are within the client’s control.

Determining goals. Counselors work with clients to identify goals that are specific, observable, measurable, and concrete.

Planning an intervention. Counselors make use of their understanding of clients and treatment strategies to encourage change.

Drafting strategic tasks. The tasks are written so clients can understand and agree to them. The tasks are chosen to build cooperation and success.

Focusing on positive new behaviors and changes. As clients return and report on their task, counselors focus on change, progress, and possibilities.

Maintaining. The focus in this stage is on consolidating gains. Counselors give clients adjustment time to promote further success. Counselors also help clients stay hopeful if change happens slower than they would like.

Ending. When the goals are accomplished, clients often initiate the ending of the relationship. Clients may return for future concerns.

Describe five strategies in brief counseling and give examples of each.

Scaling: this is having the child describing things using scale 1 to 10

Example: have two toy cars one red on left and one green on right have the green car as 1 when things are bad and red car 10 when things are great.

identifying exceptions allows people to search for times when their problems were absent or less bad than they are currently.

Example: a child telling you how they handle the problem and what was done to get their mind off it.

solution talk: Words are chosen to convey hope and optimism, a sense of control, and openness to possibilities.

Example: What would you like to do or think you would be doing if you did not have these issues?

Miracle question: developed by de Shazer (1991) in his frustration with some clients’ inability to form good behavioral goals, is used to help clients visualize and hypothesize what their problems would be like if suddenly they were solved.

Example: If there was a miracle and you had all your problems gone hat would you do different?

Chapter 11 Individual Counseling

Explain family atmosphere and indicate how a negative family atmosphere can affect children.

Adlerians stress the importance of the family atmosphere in the development of the child. Whereas the family constellation is a description of how family members interact, the family atmosphere is the style of coping with life that the family has modeled for the child. It is the emotional tone that families demonstrate.a negative atmspher can affect children if the family is abusive or having illegal things around the home the child will live what they learn and start doing what they think is right because the family around they is doing it.

Describe the four phases of Adlerian play therapy.

The goal of Adlerian play therapy is the reduction of discouragement. Therefore, the counselor chooses play techniques to provide encouragement to accomplish four outcomes—the Critical Cs. The counselor helps the child connect to others, believe in self as capable and confident, and see oneself as valuable and important or someone who counts. The counselor also builds the child’s courage to explore new experiences and face challenges (Kottman, 1999). The practitioner may use music, art, sand, clay, stories, puppets, and other media in the play therapy process (Kelly & Lee, 2007).

Outline and provide details about the goals of misbehavior and interventions for each.

Attention: All children seek attention, especially those of preschool age. However, excessive attention-getting behavior should diminish in the primary school years before it becomes a problem to teachers, parents, and peers.

Power: Some children have an exaggerated need to exercise power and superiority. They take every situation, debate, or issue as a personal challenge from which they must emerge the winner; otherwise, these children think they have failed.

Revenge: Some children feel hurt and mistreated by life. Their goal is to get even by hurting others.

Inadequacy or withdrawal: Many children often feel inferior and think they are incapable of handling life’s problems. Their deficiencies may be real or imagined.

Chapter 12 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Discuss the approaches and effectiveness of REBT with children. Have you had any personal experiences using this approach with children?

The goal is for children and adolescents to recognize irrational beliefs, think them through, and relinquish them with this the aim is to change the behavior of the child. It is not the situation or event that is the problem; it is how the client thinks or feels about it. What the counselor will do to help change the behavior an if the child is willing interested in doing it.

Debate the pros and cons of using REBT with children. Include how some of the limitations may be overcome.

One limitation would be if the child is willing to participate and if their interest is there, some children are taken for treatment without know they are being treated for a behavior. Encouraging the child and interacting with them to build a counselor client relationship is a big factor in getting their interest.

Explain the part blame plays in emotional problems according to REBT.​ Where might you encounter this in working with children?

Children blaming themselves for things that are out of their control, counselor may encounter this in deal with children that family are going through divorce, death, sicken with parent or siblings etc.

Explain the principles of the rational emotive behavioral education noted in your textbook. Where could a school counselor use this in the school setting?

An offspring of REBT is rational emotive behavioral education (REBE). Its objectives are to teach how feelings develop, how to discriminate between valid and invalid assumptions, and how to think rationally in “anti-awful” and “anti perfectionist” ways. Children live what they learn and a child’s behavior can change by being around different children or change of environment, programs that they join or involved in. so a culturally diverse student could use this behavioral technique.